List of International Phonetic Alphabet

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Learn the secret to perfect pronunciation in any language.

The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) is a universal code to decipher any sound humans can make while speaking. It was designed by linguists in the 19th century as a code to help with learning and teaching languages.

With only a few weeks or months of practice, you can unlock a map to sounding like a native in languages from Arabic to Zulu.

By deciphering this code, you'll unlock a superpower in acquiring new languages. Master the technique that expert linguists use to sound exactly like native speakers.

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Updated July 5, 2025

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IPA Symbol m	Pronunciation Bilabial nasal

IPA Symbol m̥	Pronunciation Voiceless Bilabial Nasal

IPA Symbol ɱ̊	Pronunciation Voiceless labiodental nasal

IPA Symbol ɱ	Pronunciation Labiodental nasal

IPA Symbol n̼	Pronunciation Linguolabial nasal

IPA Symbol n̥	Pronunciation Voiceless Alveolar Nasal

IPA Symbol n	Pronunciation Alveolar nasal

IPA Symbol ɳ	Pronunciation Retroflex nasal

IPA Symbol ɳ̊	Pronunciation Voiceless retroflex nasal

IPA Symbol ɲ̊	Pronunciation Voiceless palatal nasal

IPA Symbol ɲ	Pronunciation Palatal nasal

IPA Symbol ŋ	Pronunciation Velar nasal

IPA Symbol ɴ̥	Pronunciation Voiceless uvular nasal

IPA Symbol ɴ	Pronunciation Uvular nasal

IPA Symbol p	Pronunciation Voiceless bilabial plosive

IPA Symbol b	Pronunciation Voiced bilabial plosive

IPA Symbol ŋ̊	Pronunciation Voiceless velar nasal

IPA Symbol t̼	Pronunciation Voiceless linguolabial stop

IPA Symbol d̼	Pronunciation Voiced linguolabial stop

IPA Symbol ʈ	Pronunciation Voiceless retroflex stop

IPA Symbol t̪	Pronunciation Voiceless dental stop

IPA Symbol d̪	Pronunciation Voiced dental stop

IPA Symbol t	Pronunciation Voiceless alveolar plosive

IPA Symbol d	Pronunciation Voiced alveolar plosive

IPA Symbol ɖ	Pronunciation Voiced retroflex stop

IPA Symbol ɟ	Pronunciation Voiced palatal plosive

IPA Symbol c	Pronunciation Voiceless palatal plosive

IPA Symbol k	Pronunciation Voiceless velar plosive

IPA Symbol ɡ	Pronunciation Voiced velar plosive

IPA Symbol q	Pronunciation Voiceless uvular plosive

IPA Symbol ɢ	Pronunciation Voiced uvular stop

IPA Symbol ʔ	Pronunciation Glottal stop

IPA Symbol ʡ	Pronunciation Epiglottal stop

IPA Symbol d̪z̪	Pronunciation Voiced dental sibilant affricate

IPA Symbol t̪s̪	Pronunciation Voiceless dental sibilant affricate

IPA Symbol ts	Pronunciation Voiceless alveolar sibilant affricate

IPA Symbol t̠ʃ	Pronunciation Voiceless palato-alveolar affricate

IPA Symbol dz	Pronunciation Voiced alveolar sibilant affricate

IPA Symbol d̠ʒ	Pronunciation Voiced palato-alveolar affricate

IPA Symbol tʂ	Pronunciation Voiceless retroflex affricate

IPA Symbol dʐ	Pronunciation Voiced retroflex affricate

IPA Symbol tɕ	Pronunciation Voiceless alveolo-palatal affricate

IPA Symbol dʑ	Pronunciation Voiced alveolo-palatal affricate

IPA Symbol pɸ	Pronunciation Voiceless bilabial affricate

IPA Symbol bβ	Pronunciation Voiced bilabial affricate

IPA Symbol p̪f	Pronunciation Voiceless labiodental affricate

IPA Symbol b̪v	Pronunciation Voiced labiodental affricate

IPA Symbol t̪θ	Pronunciation Voiceless dental non-sibilant affricate

IPA Symbol d̪ð	Pronunciation Voiced dental non-sibilant affricate

IPA Symbol tɹ̝̊	Pronunciation Voiceless alveolar non-sibilant affricate

IPA Symbol dɹ̝	Pronunciation Voiced alveolar non-sibilant affricate

IPA Symbol t̠ɹ̠̊˔	Pronunciation Voiceless postalveolar non-sibilant affricate

IPA Symbol d̠ɹ̠˔	Pronunciation Voiced postalveolar non-sibilant affricate

IPA Symbol cç	Pronunciation Voiceless palatal affricate

IPA Symbol ɟʝ	Pronunciation Voiced palatal affricate

IPA Symbol kx	Pronunciation Voiceless velar affricate

IPA Symbol ɡɣ	Pronunciation Voiced velar affricate

IPA Symbol qχ	Pronunciation Voiceless uvular affricate

IPA Symbol ɢʁ	Pronunciation Voiced uvular affricate

IPA Symbol ʡʜ	Pronunciation Voiceless epiglottal affricate

IPA Symbol ʔh	Pronunciation Voiceless glottal affricate

IPA Symbol ʡʢ	Pronunciation Voiced epiglottal affricate

IPA Symbol ʃ	Pronunciation Voiceless palato-alveolar sibilant

IPA Symbol ʒ	Pronunciation Voiced palato-alveolar sibilant

IPA Symbol z	Pronunciation Voiced alveolar sibilant

IPA Symbol s	Pronunciation Voiceless alveolar sibilant

IPA Symbol ʂ	Pronunciation Voiceless retroflex sibilant

IPA Symbol ʐ	Pronunciation Voiced retroflex sibilant

IPA Symbol ɕ	Pronunciation Voiceless alveolo-palatal sibilant

IPA Symbol ʑ	Pronunciation Voiced alveolo-palatal sibilant

IPA Symbol ɸ	Pronunciation Voiceless bilabial fricative

IPA Symbol β	Pronunciation Voiced bilabial fricative

IPA Symbol f	Pronunciation Voiceless labio-dental fricative

IPA Symbol v	Pronunciation Voiced labio-dental fricative

IPA Symbol θ̼	Pronunciation Voiceless linguolabial fricative

IPA Symbol ð̼	Pronunciation Voiced linguolabial fricative

IPA Symbol θ	Pronunciation Voiceless dental fricative

IPA Symbol ð	Pronunciation Voiced dental fricative

IPA Symbol θ̠	Pronunciation Voiceless alveolar non-sibilant fricative

IPA Symbol ð̠	Pronunciation Voiced alveolar non-sibilant fricative

IPA Symbol ɹ̠̊˔	Pronunciation Voiceless postalveolar non-sibilant fricative

IPA Symbol ç	Pronunciation Voiceless palatal fricative

IPA Symbol ɹ̠˔	Pronunciation Voiced postalveolar non-sibilant fricative

IPA Symbol ʝ	Pronunciation Voiced palatal fricative

IPA Symbol x	Pronunciation Voiceless velar fricative

IPA Symbol ɣ	Pronunciation Voiced velar fricative

IPA Symbol ʁ	Pronunciation Voiced uvular fricative

IPA Symbol χ	Pronunciation Voiceless uvular fricative

IPA Symbol h	Pronunciation Voiceless glottal fricative

IPA Symbol ħ	Pronunciation Voiceless pharyngeal fricative

IPA Symbol ʕ	Pronunciation Voiced pharyngeal fricative

IPA Symbol β̞	Pronunciation Bilabial approximant

IPA Symbol ɦ	Pronunciation Voiced glottal fricative

IPA Symbol ʋ	Pronunciation Labiodental approximant

IPA Symbol ð̞	Pronunciation Voiced dental approximant

IPA Symbol ɹ̠	Pronunciation Postalveolar approximant

IPA Symbol ɹ	Pronunciation Alveolar approximant

IPA Symbol ɻ	Pronunciation Retroflex approximant

IPA Symbol j	Pronunciation Palatal approximant

IPA Symbol ɰ	Pronunciation Voiced velar approximant

IPA Symbol ʁ̞	Pronunciation Voiced uvular approximant

IPA Symbol ⱱ̟	Pronunciation Voiced bilabial flap

IPA Symbol ʔ̞	Pronunciation Creaky-voiced glottal approximant

IPA Symbol ⱱ	Pronunciation Labiodental flap

IPA Symbol ɾ̥	Pronunciation Voiceless alveolar tap

IPA Symbol ɾ̼	Pronunciation Voiced linguolabial tap

IPA Symbol ɽ	Pronunciation Retroflex flap

IPA Symbol ɾ	Pronunciation Alveolar tap

IPA Symbol ɢ̆	Pronunciation Voiced uvular tap

IPA Symbol ʡ̆	Pronunciation Epiglottal flap

IPA Symbol ʙ̥	Pronunciation Voiceless bilabial trill with aspiration

IPA Symbol ʙ	Pronunciation Bilabial trill

IPA Symbol r̥	Pronunciation Voiceless alveolar trill

IPA Symbol r	Pronunciation Alveolar trill

IPA Symbol ɽ̊r̥	Pronunciation Voiceless retroflex trill

IPA Symbol ʀ̥	Pronunciation Voiceless uvular trill

IPA Symbol r̠	Pronunciation Voiced postalveolar trill

IPA Symbol ɽr	Pronunciation Voiced retroflex trill

IPA Symbol ʀ	Pronunciation Uvular trill

IPA Symbol ʢ	Pronunciation Voiced epiglottal trill

IPA Symbol ʜ	Pronunciation Voiceless epiglottal trill

IPA Symbol tɬ	Pronunciation Voiceless alveolar lateral affricate

IPA Symbol dɮ	Pronunciation Voiced alveolar lateral affricate

IPA Symbol k𝼄	Pronunciation Voiceless velar lateral affricate

IPA Symbol ɡʟ̝	Pronunciation Voiced velar lateral affricate

IPA Symbol c𝼆	Pronunciation Voiceless palatal lateral affricate

IPA Symbol ɬ	Pronunciation Voiceless alveolar lateral fricative

IPA Symbol ɮ	Pronunciation Voiced alveolar lateral fricative

IPA Symbol ꞎ	Pronunciation Voiceless retroflex lateral fricative

IPA Symbol 𝼆	Pronunciation Voiceless palatal lateral fricative

IPA Symbol 𝼄	Pronunciation Voiceless velar lateral fricative

IPA Symbol ʟ̝	Pronunciation Voiced velar lateral fricative

IPA Symbol l̪	Pronunciation Voiced dental lateral approximant

IPA Symbol l	Pronunciation Alveolar lateral approximant

IPA Symbol l̠	Pronunciation Voiced postalveolar lateral approximant

IPA Symbol ɭ	Pronunciation Retroflex lateral approximant

IPA Symbol ʎ	Pronunciation Palatal lateral approximant

IPA Symbol ʟ	Pronunciation Velar lateral approximant

IPA Symbol ʟ̠	Pronunciation Uvular lateral approximant

IPA Symbol ɺ̥	Pronunciation Voiceless alveolar lateral flap

IPA Symbol ɺ	Pronunciation Voiced alveolar lateral flap

IPA Symbol 𝼈̊	Pronunciation Voiceless retroflex lateral flap

IPA Symbol 𝼈	Pronunciation Voiced retroflex lateral flap

IPA Symbol ʎ̆	Pronunciation Voiced palatal lateral flap

IPA Symbol ʟ̆	Pronunciation Voiced velar lateral tap

IPA Symbol k͡p	Pronunciation Voiceless labial-velar plosive

IPA Symbol ŋ͡m	Pronunciation Labial-velar nasal stop

IPA Symbol q͡p	Pronunciation Voiceless labial-uvular plosive

IPA Symbol ɡ͡b	Pronunciation Voiced labial-velar plosive

IPA Symbol ʍ	Pronunciation Voiceless labio-velar fricative

IPA Symbol w	Pronunciation Voiced labio-velar approximant

IPA Symbol ɫ	Pronunciation Velarized alveolar lateral approximant

IPA Symbol ɥ	Pronunciation Labial-palatal approximant

IPA Symbol ɧ	Pronunciation Voiceless dorso-palatal velar fricative

IPA Symbol ɠ̊͜ɓ̥	Pronunciation Voiceless labial–velar implosive

IPA Symbol pʼ	Pronunciation Bilabial ejective plosive

IPA Symbol ɠ͡ɓ	Pronunciation Voiced labial-velar implosive

IPA Symbol tʼ	Pronunciation Alveolar ejective plosive

IPA Symbol cʼ	Pronunciation Palatal ejective

IPA Symbol kʼ	Pronunciation Velar ejective plosive

IPA Symbol ʈʼ	Pronunciation Retroflex ejective

IPA Symbol ʡʼ	Pronunciation Epiglottal ejective

IPA Symbol qʼ	Pronunciation Uvular ejective plosive

IPA Symbol fʼ	Pronunciation Labiodental ejective fricative

IPA Symbol θʼ	Pronunciation Dental ejective fricative

IPA Symbol ʃʼ	Pronunciation Palato-alveolar ejective fricative

IPA Symbol sʼ	Pronunciation Alveolar ejective fricative

IPA Symbol ʂʼ	Pronunciation Retroflex ejective fricative

IPA Symbol ɕʼ	Pronunciation Alveolo-palatal ejective fricative

IPA Symbol xʼ	Pronunciation Velar ejective fricative

IPA Symbol χʼ	Pronunciation Uvular ejective fricative

IPA Symbol tsʼ	Pronunciation Alveolar ejective affricate

IPA Symbol t̠ʃʼ	Pronunciation Palato-alveolar ejective affricate

IPA Symbol ʈʂʼ	Pronunciation Retroflex ejective affricate

IPA Symbol kxʼ	Pronunciation Velar ejective affricate

IPA Symbol qχʼ	Pronunciation Uvular ejective affricate

IPA Symbol ɬʼ	Pronunciation Alveolar lateral ejective fricative

IPA Symbol tɬʼ	Pronunciation Alveolar lateral ejective affricate

IPA Symbol cʎ̝̊ʼ	Pronunciation Palatal lateral ejective affricate

IPA Symbol kʟ̝̊ʼ	Pronunciation Velar lateral ejective affricate

IPA Symbol kʘ	Pronunciation Bilabial click

IPA Symbol kǃ	Pronunciation Postalveolar click

IPA Symbol kǀ	Pronunciation Dental click

IPA Symbol kǂ	Pronunciation Palatoalveolar click

IPA Symbol kǁ	Pronunciation Alveolar lateral click

IPA Symbol ɓ	Pronunciation Voiced bilabial implosive

IPA Symbol ɗ	Pronunciation Voiced alveolar implosive

IPA Symbol ʄ	Pronunciation Voiced palatal implosive

IPA Symbol ᶑ	Pronunciation Voiced retroflex implosive

IPA Symbol ʛ	Pronunciation Voiced uvular implosive

IPA Symbol ɠ	Pronunciation Voiced velar implosive

IPA Symbol ɓ̥	Pronunciation Voiceless bilabial implosive

IPA Symbol ɗ̥	Pronunciation Voiceless alveolar implosive

IPA Symbol ᶑ̥	Pronunciation Voiceless retroflex implosive

IPA Symbol ʄ̥	Pronunciation Voiceless palatal implosive

IPA Symbol ɠ̊	Pronunciation Voiceless velar implosive

IPA Symbol ʛ̥	Pronunciation Voiceless uvular implosive

IPA Symbol y	Pronunciation Close front rounded vowel

IPA Symbol ɨ	Pronunciation Close central unrounded vowel

IPA Symbol i	Pronunciation Close front unrounded vowel

IPA Symbol ʉ	Pronunciation Close central rounded vowel

IPA Symbol ɯ	Pronunciation Close back unrounded vowel

IPA Symbol u	Pronunciation Close back rounded vowel

IPA Symbol ɪ	Pronunciation Near-close near-front unrounded vowel

IPA Symbol ʏ	Pronunciation Near-close near-front rounded vowel

IPA Symbol ʊ	Pronunciation Near-close near-back rounded vowel

IPA Symbol e	Pronunciation Close-mid front unrounded vowel

IPA Symbol ø	Pronunciation Close-mid front rounded vowel

IPA Symbol ɘ	Pronunciation Close-mid central unrounded vowel

IPA Symbol ɤ	Pronunciation Close-mid back unrounded vowel

IPA Symbol ɵ	Pronunciation Close-mid central rounded vowel

IPA Symbol e̞	Pronunciation Mid front unrounded vowel

IPA Symbol o	Pronunciation Close-mid back rounded vowel

IPA Symbol ø̞	Pronunciation Mid front rounded vowel

IPA Symbol ə	Pronunciation Mid-central vowel

IPA Symbol o̞	Pronunciation Mid back rounded vowel

IPA Symbol ɛ	Pronunciation Open-mid front unrounded vowel

IPA Symbol œ	Pronunciation Open-mid front rounded vowel

IPA Symbol ɞ	Pronunciation Open-mid central rounded vowel

IPA Symbol ɜ	Pronunciation Open-mid central unrounded vowel

IPA Symbol ɔ	Pronunciation Open-mid back unrounded vowel

IPA Symbol æ	Pronunciation Near-open front unrounded vowel

IPA Symbol ɔ	Pronunciation Open-mid back rounded vowel

IPA Symbol a	Pronunciation Open front unrounded vowel

IPA Symbol ɐ	Pronunciation Near-open central unrounded vowel

IPA Symbol ɶ	Pronunciation Open front rounded vowel

IPA Symbol ɒ	Pronunciation Open back rounded vowel

IPA Symbol ɑ	Pronunciation Open back unrounded vowel

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